ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and epidemiological feature of nine respiratory pathogens of acute respiratory tract infection patients in the northern area of Henan Province,in order to provide reference for clinical effective prevention and treatment of acute respiratory tract infection.Methods The clinical distribution and epidemiological feature of nine respiratory pathogens were analyzed by a retrospective review of 11 135 serum samples which were detected by indirect immunofluorescence method from December 2014 to November 2016.Results There were 2 630 cases with nine respiratory pathogens infection,the infection rate was 23.62％.The main four respiratory pathogens were mycoplasma pneumonia (16.63 ％),influenza B virus (2.41％),parainfluenza virus (2.29 ％),adenovirus (0.79％).The nine respiratory pathogens infection rate of male and female was 21.60％ (1 516/7 020) and 27.07 ％ (1 114/4 115),respectively.The nine respiratory pathogens infection rate of ＜ 1 year group,1-5 years group,6-14 years group,15-30 years group,31-50 years group and ＞ 50 years group was 8.91％ (330/3 702),31.12％ (1 424/4 576),37.36％ (634/1 697),27.10％ (90/332),24.64％ (69/280),15.13 ％ (83/548),respectively.The nine respiratory pathogens infection rate of ＜ 1 year group was lower than that of the other five groups (P ＜ 0.05).The nine respiratory pathogens infection rate of spring group,summer group,autumn group and winter group was 24.66％ (591/2 396) 、23.86％ (631/2 645) 、31.09％ (748/2 406)、17.90％ (660/3 688),respectively.The nine respiratory pathogens infection rate of autumn group was higher than that of the other three groups (P ＜ 0.05).There were 253 patients with polyinfection which all were amphimorphic polyinfection in the 2 630 patients with respiratory pathogens infection,the polyinfection rate was 2.27％.Conclusions Respiratory pathogen infection rate was different because of different gender,different age and different season.The virus was the main pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection.Because of multiplicity of infection and seasonal distribution of pathogens,the prevention of the epidemic should be strengthened in spring and autumn season especially.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Burkholderia gldioli,so as to provide epidemiological evidence for prevention and treatment of related diseases.Methods A total of 86 412 hospitalized patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University front January 2013 to November 2016 were selected as the subjects,including 81 807 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of bacteremia,and 4 605 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of meningitis.The blood,bone marrow and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected for bacterial culture,strain identification and drug sensitivity test.The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.5 software.The carrying viral infection and the related inflammation markers including white blood cell count (WBC),C-reactive protein (CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and fibrinogen (FIB) were analyzed and summarized by Reimei software.Results There were 145 strains of Burkholderia gldioli were isolated from 86 412 patients,the isolating rate was 0.17％,and 122 cases were accompanied by basic diseases (84.14％).The isolating rate of blood specimens was the highest (0.17％).The isolating rate in mail was higher than that in female(0.22％ vs 0.10％),the isolating rate in the patients with more than 18 years old was higher than that in the patients with less than 18 years old (0.23％ vs 0.05％),the proportion was the highest in the department of infectious diseases (28.97％).In vitro drug sensitivity test showed that the resistance rate of Burkholderia gladioli to gentamicin,cefazolin,ampicillin,piperacillin,cotrimoxazole,aztreonam,amoxicillin clavulanic acid was more than 50％;the resistance rate of Burkholderia gladioli to aztreonam and amoxicillin clavulanic acid was 87.58％ and 80.00％ respectively;the proportion of multi drug resistant strains was 48.97％.The coincidence rate of Burkholderia gldioli and inflammatory markers was high (91.03％),and the carrying viral infection rate was 7.59％.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the bloodstream infections caused by Burkholderia gldioli,and the protection of patients with basic diseases should be strengthened.Because of the severe drug resistance situation,clinical diagnosis should be combined with inflammatory markers,and attention should be paid to patients with viral infection.Rational drug and drug combination should be selected according to drug sensitivity report.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate calcium deficiency and demand in pre-puberty twins and to analyze the heritability of serum bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP).Methods A total of 73 pairs of twins aged 9-16 years were examined by BALP test.Microsatellite polymorphism Was used To diagnose the zygosity of twins,while both intraclass correlation coefficient method and Christian formula were perfortled to investigate heritability of serum BALP.Results The results of zygosity diagnosis displayed that 34 pairs of twins were monozygotic(MZ)twins and 39 pairs were dizygotic(DZ)twins.97.9％of the subjects appeared unusual in the activity of BALP,with activity of BALP>250 U/L in 43.1％of subjects and 200-250 U/L in 54.8％of the subjects.The intake of calcium Was unsatisfied in 48.4％of the boys and 39.0％in girls.Less than 10.0％ of the Sllbiects were satisfied with the intake of calcium in each age group while over 45.0％of the snbjects in 10-13 age group were deficient in calcium.Differences between the means of BALP in different sex groups(t=1.633,P=0.105)and different age groups(F=0.323,P=0.924)were not statistically significant.Heritability analysis displayed that intra-class variation.Inter-class variation.Intra-class correlation coefficient were 191.54,1462.22,0.77 in MZ twins,and those were 491.03,1475.57,0.50 in DZ twins respectively with the heritability of BALP activity as 0.54.Conclusion Calcium deficiency Is commonplace in pre-puberty twins.Our data showed that the BALP activity was influenced both by genetic(54％)and environmental(46％)factors.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of atrial excitable period (EP) on the stability of atrial fibrillation (AF) in goats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten female goats were instrumented with epicardial electrodes patches on the left atrium (LA) free wall. AF was induced and maintained by a home-made stimulator with frequency of 50 Hz at a 1-second duration and a 2-seconds interval. The stimulator was disconnected regularly. AF-induced duration, average AF cycle length (AFCL), and atrial effective refractory period during AF (ERP(AF)) were measured; EP was calculated by AFCL-ERP(AF).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight goats were studied. Persistent AF (> 24 h) could be induced in all the 8 goats within 6-16 days. When the induced AF lasted for 3-10 min or 24 h, the AFCL was 98.3 ms +/- 11.0 ms and 84.9 ms +/- 5.2 ms (P < 0.05), respectively, ERP(AF) was 90.5 ms +/- 13.2 ms and 63.0 ms +/- 4.8 ms (P < 0.05), respectively, and EP was 7.8 ms +/- 2.4 ms and 21.9 ms +/- 3.5 ms (P < 0.05), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The decrease in ERP(AF) is more significant than the shortening in AFCL, resulting in the gradually widening of EP which may contribute to the perpetuation of AF.</p>